ZnO polythiophene SBA-15 nanoparticles as a solid-phase microextraction fiber for fast determination essential oils of Matricaria chamomilla

The objective of this study is determination the volatile compounds of Matricaria chamomilla of an inorganic–organic hybrid material based on ZnO nanoparticles anchored to a composite made from polythiophene and hexagonally ordered silica (ZnO/PT/SBA-15) as a solidphase fiber microextraction (SPME). Microextraction techniques with nanoparticles ZnO/PT/SBA-15 resulted in a more efficient analyte enrichment, faster sample preparation, and lower solvent consumption. Furthermore, they are simple, inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and compatible with many analytical instruments. Using ZnO/PT/SBA-15 followed by GC–MS, 37 compounds were separated and identified in Matricaria chamomilla, which mainly included αbisabolol(17.51%), Cistransfarneso(8.72%), β-bisabolene(8.37%), Eβ–Farnesene(5.48%) Guaiazulene(4.36%), α-Pinene(3.68%) and Limonene(3.24%). The presented experimental results clearly demonstrate that prepared fibers are suitable for SPME analyses of volatile oils. For optimization of the microextraction conditions by the ZnO/PT/SBA15 SPME fiber, a one at the time optimization strategy was used. The optimized parameters were sample state and its amount, extraction temperature and time and finally desorption conditions.