Author/Authors :
Hassani, Laleh Mother and Child Welfare Research Center - Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences - Bandar Abbas, Iran , Dehdari, Tahereh Department of Health Education and Health Promotion - School of Health - Iran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , Hajizadeh, Ebrahim Department of Biostatistics - School of Medical Sciences - Tarbiat Modares University - Tehran, Iran , Shojaeizadeh, Davoud Department of Health Education and Health Promotion - School of Health - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran , Abedini, Mehrandokht Department of Family Health - Ministry of Health and Medical Education - Tehran, Iran , Nedjat, Saharnaz Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics - School of Health - Knowledge Utilization Research Center - Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Tehran, Iran
Abstract :
Cervical cancer is a preventable disease with a regular screening program. Many studies
have reported a large number of barriers that women had for the first time, but this study decided to
find other barriers for the second time pap smear.
Methods: In this qualitative research, data were gathered through in-depth interviews and expressed
through conventional content analysis in the form of constant comparison. The participants were 15
women with family profile at 30 health care centers who lived in the south of Tehran and had done Pap
smear for one time but didn’t do it for the second time.
Results: Three main themes emerged from the analysis of the interviews: negative experiences of the
first Pap test were as follows: results of the first time test, readiness for performing the test, getting
the test itself, and the site of the first Pap test. Personal barriers to getting the second Pap test were:
inattention to time, physical barriers to the second Pap test, and inhibitory beliefs. Perceived social
barriers to getting the second Pap test with two sub-themes included social supports and abstract norms.
Conclusion: This study provided other barriers about Pap smear including lack of the spouse’s support,
the role of health care providers and physicians in screening program for early diagnosis in women
