Relationship between Land Cover Use and Urban Thermal Islands by Landsat 8: Case study of Sanandaj

Increasing population (including natural increasing and migration) and rapid industrial growth are the main reasons of global climate change. Today, the most significant problem in urban areas is the increase in surface temperature due to changes in natural levels. In urban areas, depending on the type of land and vegetation used, areas with different temperatures develop from other areas. In this research, to answer the question that how different types of the urban usage affect the creation of high temperature areas with the aim of understanding the temperature difference between different regions of the city and the surrounding area in order to provide a thermal island map in Sanandaj, discharge and surface temperature in Sanandaj was estimated using Landsat 8 satellite data by Jenks method in summer and autumn. For this purpose, Envi and ArcGIS software were used, and finally, changes in surface temperature were evaluated in comparison with land uses, and the user role in the creation of surface temperature was determined. The results showed that wasteland, industrial and urban facilities have the highest temperature and commercial and green space has the lowest temperature. Thus, the influence of urban utilization in the emergence of current thermal conditions in Sanandaj indicates the relationship between the type of user and surface temperature.