Title of article :
Serum Levels of Vitamin D in Diabetic Patients With and Without Retinopathy
Author/Authors :
Afarid, Mehrdad Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center - Department of Ophthalmology - School of Medicine - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Ghattavi, Naghme Student Research Committee - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Johari, Mohammad karim Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center - Department of Ophthalmology - School of Medicine - Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Abstract :
Purpose: To evaluate the levels of vitamin D in the serum of diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods: Thirty patients with DR and thirty diabetic patients without retinopathy were
included in this cross-sectional study. Based on ophthalmic examination, patients with
DR were categorized into having non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative
retinopathy (PDR). Patients were tested for fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1C
(HbA1C), 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25 (OH) D), and creatinine levels in the serum, and for
urine protein. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a serum 25 (OH) D level < 20 ng/mL.
Results: We found that all diabetic patients had mild vitamin D deficiency (serum 25 (OH)
D level = 10–20 ng/mL). The mean serum 25 (OH) D concentration in patients with DR was
lower than in those without DR (12.10 ± 14.62 ng/mL vs 15.61 ± 9.40 ng/mL, respectively,
P = 0.012). Trace or more proteinuria was frequently present in patients with DR than in
those without DR (56% in DR vs 30% in non-DR; P = 0.037). There were no significant
differences in the FBS, HbA1C, and serum creatinine levels between patients with or
without retinopathy.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that patients with DR had lower levels of serum vitamin D compared with those without retinopathy.
Keywords :
Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetic Retinopathy , 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D
Journal title :
Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research