Comparison of Enamel Matrix Derivatives and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Human Gingival Fibroblasts Proliferation and Viability

Introduction: Biologic mediators such as platelet-rich fibrins (PRF) or enamel matrix derivatives (Emdogain®) are used for the regeneration of the soft and hard tissues. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of PRF and Emdogain® on the proliferation and differentiation of gingival fibroblasts in vitro. Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled in vitro trial, blood samples were obtained from a healthy person and Choukroun’s PRF was prepared according to the standard protocol. Fibroblast cells were cultured with PRF and different concentration of Emdogain®. MTT test were used to measure fibroblast cells proliferation after 24 and 72 hours. Results: As compared to negative control (FBS 1%), Emdogain® 50μg/ml significantly increased cells proliferation up to 123.2% and 111.2% after 24 and 72 hours. The values were 214.9% and 121.9% for Emdogain® 100μg/ml. The increased proliferation values were significant for both groups after 24 hours (P<0.001) while the values were significant for 100 μg/ml Emdogain after 72 hours (P<0.001). Cells exposure to PRF showed significant effect on their proliferation after 24 hours compared to the negative controls (P<0.001; 21±1.73%). After 72 hours; PRF showed reverse effect on the proliferation and decreased them up to 38% and 60% regarding negative controls. Conclusion: the most proliferation and viability of fibroblast cells were obtained after exposure to Emdogain® and the differences between Emdogain® and PRF were significant.