Synthesis, characterization and magnetic properties of Ni, Co and FeCo nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide for removal of Cr(VI)

To remove pollutants from industrial waste, magnetic separation by use of magnetic reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is a possible route, due to the high specific surface area of rGO. Reduced graphene oxide decorated with nickel, cobalt and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was synthesized by means of modified coprecipitation methods. Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene was prepared by a thermal doping method. The resulting composites were characterized with scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis and Raman spectroscopy. Samples were magnetically characterized using vibrating sample magnetometer to determine the magnetic properties. All the prepared sampled were found to have weak ferromagnetic properties. The particle size distribution of the nanoparticles was determined using the TEM images and Image J software. The average particle size for the Co-rGO was 1.89 nm, 35.12 nm for Ni–rGO and 32.15 nm for CoFe–rGO. The Co–rGO was used as proof of principle to remove Cr(VI) ions from solution. The Co–rGO was recycled five times before it was deemed unusable.