An Exploration of Focus on Form Instruction on Grammatical Competence of Iranian EFL Learners Utilizing Input Enhancement Technique

Upholding the integration of form and meaning, focus on form approach can increase both accuracy and fluency of EFL learners. This paper evaluates the role of focus on form approach, i.e. input enhancement, on the acquisition of passive voice in English. The degree of implicitness or explicitness of instruction is explored to ensure whether it affects learning of a specific form of the language. The pretest-treatment-posttest design was used in this quasi-experimental research with two groups: experimental (n=20) and control (n= 17). A proficiency test and a pretest were administered to guarantee the learners’ homogeneity and their passive voice knowledge. The experimental group received the instruction through input enhancement technique. However, the control group was taught through the traditional method (i.e. focus on formS). The superiority of focus on form technique over the focus on formS was revealed through the one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test. The course book writers and teachers can use the findings of this research.