Influence of Dental Alloys and an All-Ceramic Material on Cell Viability and Interleukin-1beta Release in a Three-Dimensional Cell Culture Model

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of various types of dental casting alloys and ceramic upon cellviability and the synthesis of IL-1beta (b) in a three-dimensional cell culture system consisting of human gingival fibroblast, and todetermine their effect in gingival inflammation. Au-Pt-In alloy (Pontostar), Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (Remanium-CS), a titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), copper (Cu), and an all ceramic (In-Ceram) were used as test materials. The materials were exposed to a three dimensional cellculture in order to determine their effect on cell viability and IL-1b secretion level. Cell viability was measured by MTT test afterexposure for 24h and 48h. For IL-1b measurement, assay aliquots were taken from exposed media after 1h, 3h, 7h, 24h and 48h.Assays for IL-1b were carried out by ELISA. In-Ceram, Pontostar and Ti-6Al-4V alloy did not influence cell viability. Copper (52-64%), and Remanium CS (17-20%) were found to be cytotoxic, compared to control cultures. In-Ceram, Pontostar and Ti-6Al-4Vhad no significant influence on IL-1b secretion. Remanium-CS increased IL-1b levels two fold compared to untreated control cultures.Our findings suggested that Ti-6Al-4V, In-Ceram and Pontostar did not cause elevated IL-1b release from cells at non-toxic levels.On the other hand, Remanium-CS showed moderate toxicity and caused increase in IL-1b levels