Effect of Demineralized Bone Matrix on Resorption of Autogenous Cortical Bone Graft in Rats

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) on autogenous cortical boneresorption in rats.Fifty-six male Wistar rats were used and divided into the baseline group (n = 8), the experimental group (n = 24) and the controlgroup (n = 24). The experimental and contol groups were subdivided into three groups. Each subgroup was followed-up for 2, 4,and 12 weeks respectively. Initially, overnight fasting urine and blood samples were collected from the baseline group to obtainbiochemical parameters in healthy rats. In the experimental group, bone defects 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth were createdin the right femur. Autogenous cortical bone graft 3 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth was harvested with a standard trephinebur from the right femur 5 mm from the defect site. Bovine derived DBM gel was applied locally on the bone defect. Following thisprocedure, the graft was placed in the bone defect and stabilized by perifemoral wiring. In the control group, the same procedureswere applied but the bone graft was placed without DBM. Serum calcium, phosphate, PTH and 25 dihydroxyvitamin D levels andurine pyridinoline, deoxypyridinoline, calcium and creatinine levels were measured during the study.Urinary deoxypyridinoline and pyridinoline levels, which are the markers of bone resorption were significantly lower in theexperimental group than in the control group at 2, 4, and 12 weeks. Significant reduction in the number of osteoclasts andresorptive lacunae revealed the pronounced suppression of the graft resorption in the experimental group.The results of this study revealed that DBM is effective in decreasing the resorption of autogenous cortical bone graft.