Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Buchanania lanzan Spreng Methanol Leaf Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Types I and II Diabetic Rats

Purpose: To evaluate the antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of Buchanania lanzan. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into nine groups of six animals each, and 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin or streptozotocin + nicotinamide was administered intraperitonially to induce types I and II diabetes. Those with blood glucose levels 190 ± 8 mg/dl were administered the methanol leaf extract of Buchanania lanzan (MEBL, 100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) or positive control for 21 days. Blood glucose, lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. Results: Following induction, blood glucose level rose to 327.7 ± 47.4 mg/dl, compared to the normal value of 910 ± 3.2 mg/dl. Administration of MEBL (100 or 200 mg/kg) significantly (p 0.05) decreased blood glucose level, serum lipid profile, and significantly (p 0.05) increased antioxidant activity as evidenced by increase in super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH), and decrease in the activity of lipid peroxidation (LPO). Conclusion: MEBL exhibits antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities in diabetic rat and needs to be further investigated for the treatment of both types I and II diabetes mellitus.