Role of Antioxidant Vitamins on the Toxicity Induced by Sodium Fluoride and its Effects on Body Organs of Male Albino Rats

Fluoride, present in air, water and food as an ubiquitous element in the environment and was never found free in nature. Fluorine in drinking water is totally in ionic form and hence it rabidly, totally and passively pass through the intestinal mucosa and interferes with major metabolic pathways of the living system. The present study was planned to assess the toxic effects of fluoride on biochemical variables in serum, hepatic, renal and oxidative stress. Also the role of antioxidant vitamins such as Vit. C and E were investigated. Wistar albino rats were divided into seven groups. Group one, received distilled water, group two received tape water, group three given vitamin C in a dose (0.04mg per Kg body weight), group four given vitamin E in a dose (0.027mg per Kg body weight), group five rats given sodium fluoride in a dose (5mg per Kg body weight) group six as mentioned in group five in addition to Vitamin C, while group seven as mentioned in group five in addition to Vitamin E. The results revealed that, exposure to sodium fluoride lead to degenerative morphology changes in the liver and kidney. A significant difference was found in the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H202), Glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), conjugated diene (CONJ.DI), and lipid hydro peroxide (LIP.HY) in serum, liver and kidney when compared to the control group. No change in serum glucose, urea, creatinine, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase and transaminases activities (GOT and GPT) when compared to the control group. Addition of Vitamin C and E caused a significant decreased in the degenerative changes, hydrogen peroxide. Glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, conjugated diene, and lipid hydro peroxide when compared to the control group of serum, liver and kidney. Antioxidant vitamins such as Vit. C and E have a protective role on the toxic effect of sodium fluoride in liver and kidney injury.