Epidemiology of John’s Disease, a Review

In last decades, the prevalence and importance of Johne s disease is increased, and consequently different programs are designed for its control. Johne s disease is considered the most important disease of cattle industry regarding the economic lost. In addition they are published several data, which implicate the Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a pathogen bacteria of Chrohn s disease in humans. The chronic pattern of disease, complexity of its path biology, limitations knowledge s on pathogenesis, poor sensitivity and specificity of currently available laboratory diagnostic methods, lack of successful vaccines, make Johne s disease control a significant challenge for veterinary services and scientific community as well. This paper aim to highlight the current achievements on path-biology, diagnosis, biosecurity, in order to translate them in practical action for Johne s disease control.