Glutathione S-Transferase P1 Gene Ile105Val Polymorphism and Risk of Lung Cancer

Introduction: Polymorphisms in genes associated with carcinogen metabolism may modulate risk of disease. GSTP1 is the most highly expressed glutathione S-transferase in lung tissue. GSTP1 exon 5 polymorphism (Ile105Val), has been reported to be associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer. Objective: This work is aiming to study the association between the GSTP1 (Ile 105Val) polymorphism, smoking habit and risk of lung cancer. Material and Methods: This study included 21 patients diagnosed as bronchogenic carcinoma, divided pathologically into 17 non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 4 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, and 11 healthy non smoking subjects taken as control. They were subjected to medical history taking, clinical examination, chest radiography and genotyping of GSTP1 polymorphism by Real-Time PCR. Results: There was a statistical significant increase in the percent of smokers compared to non-smokers in lung cancer patients (p 0.0001). By genotyping, 6 patients (28.6%) were heterozygous for the mutant allele (Ile/Val); of whom 5 were having adenocarcinoma and 1 was having squamouscarcinoma, with a statistical significant increase in the frequency of 105 Val allele in NSCLC cases compared to that of SCLC cases; p 0.01. No statistical significant association was found related to smoking habit. Conclusion: GSTP1 exon 5 polymorphism is associated with high risk of NSCLC especially adenocarcinoma not significantly related to smoking.