Studying Leptin Level in Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Exploring/Determining Other Associated Factors

Diabetes has become a major health priority worldwide. It is a global health problem with increasing incidences in the developing countries. Leptin is a hormone produced by adipocytes that regulates body fat storage by modulating satiety, glycemic control and metabolism. Increased diet intake and stress can increase levels of C-reactive protein which binds to leptin thus, leptin resistance occurs and the body does not get the signal to stop eating, developing insulin resistance in individual with diabetes mellitus. Aim of the Study: Is to study leptin level in patients with controlled type 2 DM and to determine or explore other associated factors affecting serum leptin. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 20 health subjects and 45 controlled diabetic patients with type 2 diabetes selected from Diabetic Out Patients Clinic in Assuit University hospital. Patient health history (sex, duration of diabetes, medication, complications, sleep hours duration) and clinical examination including (weight, height, waist circumference and demographic data) were taken. Blood sample was taken to assess renal function, lipogram, fasting blood glucose, HbAlc, insulin and leptin levels. Results: Serum leptin level was found to be significantly higher in women than in men Higher serum leptin and insulin levels were also found in over weight diabetic patients whose duration of sleep was less than 6 hours than those sleep duration more than 6 hours. Significant positive correlation between leptin level, body mass index and insulin level, while waist circumference showed non significant negative correlation with leptin. Conclusion: There were significance positive correlation between leptin level and both body mass index and insulin level. There were some factors affecting leptin level include sex, waist circumference, body mass index and sleeping hours in diabetic subjects.