Cognitive Changes after Chemotherapy among Leukemic Children in Outpatient Clinic at Cancer Institute, Cairo Governorate

Background: Delayed Cognitive changes are some of the most common as well as most challenging complications associated with central nervous system directed treatment, such as intrathecal chemotherapy, for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.The Aim of this Study: Was to assess the cognitive changes of leukemic children who are treated with chemotherapy in outpatient clinic at Cancer Institute. Descriptive exploratory research design was utilized in this study.Setting: The study was conducted at the out-patient clinic of the Pediatric Oncology Department at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University.Sample: A convenient sample of 70 leukemic children in follow-up stage after chemotherapy course between the ages of 6-12 years of age.Two Tools were Utilized in this Study: (1) Leukemic child structured questionnaire it includes Socio-demographic data, medical history, child psychosocial relation, academic school performance assessment, (2) Child cognitive assessment tool was consisted of two part. (A) Neuropsychological processing concern checklist for school aged children. (B) Wechsler intelligence scale.Results: Indicated that there was a highly positive signif-icant correlation between cognitive skills variables together; majority of the children had moderate changes in their cognitive skills after chemotherapy. Wechsler sub test indicated a deficit in the attention function, concentration, and memory function.The Study Concluded: That the majority of leukemic survivor children had cognitive skills deficit and also the majority did not complete their study and become socially withdrawal.The Study Recommended: Comprehensive nursing assessment to be followed with leukemic children since their diagnosis till follow-up stage, and cognitive rehabilitation program starting with chemotherapy course.