Cardiovascular Diseases before and after Renal Transplantation

Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are the principal causes of morbidity and mortality among patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). After renal transplantation there is a substantial alteration in cardiac morphology and functions.Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine and to compare the effects of a successful renal transplantation on Left Ventricular (LV) morphology, systolic and diastolic function in patients with end stage renal disease.Material and Methods: Echocardiography was done for 50 patients.20 patients on rEgular Hemodialysis (RHD) ( 18 years old).30 renal transplant patients ( 18 years old) before and 6 months after transplantation.Echocardiography was done to all patients: End-diastolic ventricular diameter (LVDD), end-systolic ventricular diameter (LVSD), Left Ventricular Posterior Wall thickness (LVPW) and Interventricular Septum (IVS), Left Ventricular Mass (LVM), Left Ventricular Mass Index (LVMI), Left ventricular relative Wall Thickness (RWT), Ejection Fraction (EF%), and Fractional Shortening (FS%) were measured.Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in all cardiac parameters. There was a regression in Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume (LVED) (5.9±0.7 to 4.9± 0.6) there was a regression in left ventricular end systolic volume (LVES (4.1±0.9 to 3.1±0.5) there was an improvement in Fractional Shortening (FS) (29.0±6.6 to 36.5±4.1) and Ejection Fraction (EF) (52.0±12.5 to 64.8±5.9).Conclusion: From these observations, we concluded that cardiac morphological parameters improve in the early post transplant period. Improvements in renal function, anemia status showed strong associations with these changes.Renal transplantation improves cardiac morphology and function and should be done as early as possible to attain the optimum improvement.