Otology practice in a Nigerian tertiary health institution: A 10-year review

Background: The practice of otology in developing countries has remained unsatisfactory. The aim of this study is to describe the practice in a tertiary health institution with a view to articulate strategies for improvement. Materials and Method: This a retrospective study of patients with otology problems, who attended Ear, Nose and Throat clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, over a 10-year period (1997–2007). Case notes were retrieved and studied. Results: Otologic conditions accounted for 56.3% of the 8070 clinic visits. The most frequent condition seen was chronic otitis media (25.4%). Sensorineural hearing loss (mostly preventable) accounted for 16%. Other cases included wax impaction (7.5%) and foreign body in ear (7.3%). Modern diagnostic and operative equipment were lacking. Operative surgery was offered to 4% of cases of chronic suppurative otitis media and 72% of patients needing hearing aid could not afford one. There was no middle ear reconstructive or inner ear operation in the 10-year period. Conclusion: A significant number of patients are in need of otology services. These services are inadequate presently. Concerted effort should be geared toward strengthening preventive ear health, training and re-training, procurement of relevant diagnostic and operative equipment.