Author/Authors :
Najafi, Iraj tehran university of medical sciences tums - Shariati Hospital,Nephrology Research Center, تهران, ايران , Shakeri, Ramin tehran university of medical sciences tums - Digestive Disease Research Center,Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران , Islami, Farhad tehran university of medical sciences tums - Digestive Disease Research Center,Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران , Islami, Farhad International Agency for Research on Cancer, France , Malekzadeh, Fatemeh tehran university of medical sciences tums - Digestive Disease Research Center,Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران , Salahi, Rasool golestan university of medical sciences - Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, گرگان, ايران , Yapan-Gharavi, Mina tehran university of medical sciences tums - Digestive Disease Research Center,Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران , Hosseini, Mostafa tehran university of medical sciences tums - School of Public Health - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, تهران, ايران , Hakemi, Monirossadat tehran university of medical sciences tums - Nephrology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران , Alatab, Sudabeh tehran university of medical sciences tums - Nephrology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران , Rahmati, Atieh tehran university of medical sciences tums - Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research center, Firoozgar Hospital, تهران, ايران , Rahmati, Atieh tehran university of medical sciences tums - Digestive Disease Research Center,Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران , Broumand, Behrooz Academy of Medical Sciences - Clinical Science Study Group Iran, ايران , Nobakht-Haghighi, Ali Academy of Medical Sciences - Clinical Science Study Group Iran, ايران , Larijani, Bagher tehran university of medical sciences tums - Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, ShariatiHospital, تهران, ايران , Malekzadeh, Reza tehran university of medical sciences tums - Digestive Disease Research Center,Shariati Hospital, تهران, ايران
Abstract :
Background: The incidence of major risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the world is on the rise, and it is expected that this incidence and prevalence, particularly in developing countries, will continue to increase. Using data on urinary sediment and microalbuminuria, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of CKD in northeast Iran. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the prevalence of CKD in a sample of 1557 regionally representative people, aged 18 years, was analyzed. CKD was determined based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and microalbuminuria. Life style data, urine and blood samples were collected. Urine samples without any proteinuria in the initial dipstick test were checked for ualitative microalbuminuria. If the latter was positive, quantitative microalbuminuria was evaluated.Results: 1557 subjects with a mean age of 56.76 12.04years were enrolled in this study. Based on the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equation, 137 subjects (8.89%) were categorized as CKD stages III-V. Based on urine abnormalities, the prevalence of combined CKD stages I and II was 10.63%, and based on macro- and microalbuminuria it was 14.53%. The prevalence of CKD was significantly associated with sex, age, marital status, education, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), ischemic heart disease (IHD), waist to hip ratio, myocardial infarction (MI), and cerebrovascular accident (CVA).Conclusion: CKD and its main risk factors are common and represent a de nite health threat in this region of Iran. Using and standardizing less expensive screening tests in low resource countries could be a good alternative that may improve the outcome through early detection of CKD.
