A Bi-Objective Optimization Model to Design a Reliable Biomass Supply Chain Network under Uncertainty and Congestion Effect

This study proposes a bi-objective optimization model to design a reliable biomass-biofuel supply chain, in which loading and unloading hubs and biorefineries can be encountered with disruption. For this purpose, the first objective function minimizes the total costs, and the second one minimizes the total times of recovery of disrupted facilities. Furthermore, due to the uncertain essence of the biomass supply chain, two efficient approaches, including robust optimization and congestion effect, are considered to overcome this challenge. Finally, several test problems are investigated to demonstrate the validity of the suggested mathematical model.