Effect of chronic immobilization stress on the pancreatic structure and the possible protective role of testosterone administration in male albino rats

Introduction:Chronic stress has been linked to many diseases. It has been proven to increase the susceptibility of different rat organs, such as the small intestine, colon, and brain, to inflammatory diseases. It has also been documented to cause hypogonadism in humans and laboratory animals. However, its effect on the pancreas, especially on the exocrine part, has received relatively little attention.Aim of the work: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of chronic stress induced by immobilization on the structure of both the endocrine and exocrine parts of the pancreas. In addition, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of testosterone administration before stress exposure. Materials and methods: Thirty-two adult male albino rats were used in this study and were divided equally into four groups. Group I served as the control group. Group II received Testosterone Enanthate 6 days/week for 3 weeks intraperitoneally. Group III was exposed to chronic stress by immobilization sessions 4 h/day, 6 days/week, for 3 weeks. Group IV received Testosterone Enanthate 30 min before every exposure to immobilization stress sessions. All animals were sacrificed after 3 weeks. Biochemical, histological, histomorphometric, and statistical studies were conducted. Results: Testosterone administration alone did not have any significant effect on the structure of the pancreas. Chronic immobilization stress lowered testosterone and elevated blood glucose levels. It also had degenerating and inflammatory effects on pancreatic tissue. Administration of testosterone before stress sessions protected the pancreas from the effects of stress in male rats. Conclusion: Testosterone administration effectively protected the pancreas and compensated the decrease in serum testosterone levels after chronic immobilization stress.