Histological and immunohistochemical study on the musculosaof the urinary bladder in orchiectomized adult albino rats

BackgroundAndrogen deficiency in men is usually associated with lower urinary tract symptomsand bladder dysfunction.AimThis study aimed to investigate the histological changes in the musculosa (detrusormuscle) of the body of the urinary bladder after orchiectomy in rats.Materials and methodsFifteen rats were used and divided into two groups. Group I (the control group)consisted of five rats that were subjected to sham operation. Group II (theorchiectomized group) consisted of 10 rats that were subjected to an orchiectomyprocedure.ResultsThere was a significant increase in the area percentage of collagen fibers in themusculosa of the urinary bladder, whereas the smooth muscle fibers (SMFs) weresignificantly decreased, in group II compared with the control group. Some SMFshad pyknotic nuclei and pale cytoplasm when examined under a light microscope.With electron microscopy, the sarcolemma appeared with many folds. Peripheralcaveolae were unapparent. Some SMFs had less electron-dense cytoplasm.Immunohistochemical staining for desmin in group II revealed a significant decreasein the optical density of immunoreaction inside the sarcoplasm of most of the SMFs.ConclusionOrchiectomy produced histological changes in the SMFs of the musculosa of theurinary bladder (the detrusor muscle), which might affect its power and complianceand explain the incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms in men who havedecreased serum testosterone levels.