Immunomorphological indicators in calves after vaccination of cows against colibacillosis and their stimulation with apiphytopreparation “Vita-Force M”

Young livestock more often suffers from gastrointestinal diseases, especially colibacillosis. Growing healthy young livestock and their preservation from diseases and death are one of the main tasks in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. Diseases and death of young livestock, especially in the first month of their lives, cause significant economic loss as a result of deaths and forced slaughter, low level of productivity and breeding abilities of animals, financial and labor costs for treatment and prevention. Currently, the best way to fight these diseases is active immunization of pregnant cows and sows. At present there is a growing trend towards developing and taking preparations made from natural raw materials, many of which possess diverse biological activity, capable of stimulating the immune system and at the same time harmless for the body. These include preparations made from bee products. There are data on the influence of bee products on the immunogenesis in the cases of severe clinical diseases of various etiologies of infectious and noninfectious origin. Colibacillosis developed in critical periods of calves’ lives causes the development of pronounced immunodeficiency in the organism, accompanied by a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of 17.25% in the thymus – by 3,15 × 10^6 cells. On livestock farms where there are a lot of cases of colibacillosis vaccination of cows with the SP4PV vaccine against colibacillosis after stimulation with apiphytopreparation “Vita-Force M” leads to a balanced immune system. Using a similar stimulation for 7-day-old calves during 5 days leads to the increase in the number of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood by 3.98%, in the thymus - by 1,01 × 10^6 cells, that contributes to a balanced immune system. After immunization of cows with the SP4PV vaccine against colibacillosis, apiphytopreparation “Vita-Force M” displays adjuvant properties activating changes in T- and B-dependent areas of lymphoid organs and cytological composition of mesenteric lymph nodes by increasing the area of the cortex in the thymus, strengthening the productive phase of the immune response, improving immunogenic properties of the vaccine, modulating T- and B-cell cooperation of lymphocytes.