Relative importance of the exploitation of medicinal plants in traditional medicine in the Northeastern Sahara

The objective of this study was to highlight the relative importance related to the exploitation of medicinal plants in the South East of Algeria. For this reason, the ethnobotanical survey was conducted in a very systematic way, a record of 10 successive dwellings was collected within rural and urban areas in both Ouargla and Touggourt. This was followed by an analysis of results by the application of some ecological clues. The investigation led to the identification of 65 species covering 36 families that treat several diseases. On one hand, the centesimal frequency of use is the highest in the rural area of Ouargla (QRO) with 95.23% and in descending order for the species Artemisia herba alba Asso. (chih), Mentha spicata L. (naa naa), Origanum vulgare L. (zaatar) and Juniperus communis L. (aaraar), on the other hand. The four classes of constancy are present, but the accidental species are very important in the four (04) districts. The type of distribution calculated for all species of medicinal plants in different areas showed a contagious distribution. And the application of automatic classification showed that urban sites are very similar. In the end, this approach has identified the species and has reported the first results obtained by the ecological analysis to better understand the exploitation of species in the studied area.