Author/Authors :
Rianti, Puji Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus - Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences - Department of Biology, Indonesia , Rianti, Puji Bogor Agricultural University - Primate Research Center, Indonesia , Perwitasari-Farajallah, Dyah Bogor Agricultural University - Primate Research Center, Indonesia , Perwitasari-Farajallah, Dyah Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus - Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences - Department of Biology, Indonesia , Sajuthi, Dondin Bogor Agricultural University - Primate Research Center, Indonesia , Sajuthi, Dondin Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus - Faculty of Veterinary, Indonesia , Pamungkas, Joko Bogor Agricultural University - Primate Research Center, Indonesia , Pamungkas, Joko Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus - Faculty of Veterinary, Indonesia , Nater, Alexander Uppsala University - Department of Ecology and Genetics, Sweden , Nater, Alexander University of Zürich - Anthropological Institute and Museum, Switzerland , Krützen, Michael Bogor Agricultural University - Primate Research Center, Indonesia , Krützen, Michael University of Zürich - Anthropological Institute and Museum, Switzerland
Abstract :
The hypervariable region I of mitochondrial DNA has frequently been used to distinguish among populations, in particular in species with strong female philopatry. In such cases, populations are expected to diverge rapidly for hypervariable region I markers because of the smaller effective population size and thus increased genetic drift. This rapid divergence leads to the accumulation of mutations exclusively found in one population, which may serve as diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). To date, diagnostic SNPs distinctive to Sumatran orangutan populations have not yet been described. However, given the continuously declining numbers of Sumatran orangutans, this information can be vital for effective conservation measures, especially regarding reintroductions of orangutans in rehabilitation centers. Phylogenetic analyses of 54 samples of Sumatran orangutans from nine sampling sites with good provenance, we found five major clades and a total of 20 haplotypes. We propose a total of 52 diagnostic SNPs that are specific to Sumatran orangutan populations. Data can be used to develop restriction fragment length polymorphism assays to carry out genetic assignments using basic laboratory equipment to assign Sumatran orangutan to their population of origin.
Keywords :
conservation HVR , I mitochondrial DNA , Pongo abelii , Sumatran orangutan
