Bacterial Diversity Map in Aaptos sp. from Seribu Islands National Park

Sponge metabolites were reported to be related with their associated microbes and the environment where the sponges grow. Environment changes caused by anthropogenic stressor and climate changes can affect the waters, and indirectly can affect bacterial community structure in the environment and in the sponges. The aim of this study was to determine the map of the bacteria diversity associated with Aaptos sp. Samples tested were Aaptos sp. and water from the Seribu Islands National Park (TNKpS). Bacterial diversity analysis was conducted using Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) technique. The results showed that the diversity of bacteria in Aaptos sp. from the 8 sampling sites had a range of Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H) of 0.12 to 2.56, richness (R) of 4-29, and evenness (E) of 0.09 to 0.78. Meanwhile, the range of H, R, and E of waters were 1.28-1.97; 6-17; 0.58 to 0.90, subsequently. Further analysis showed that no significant correlation between bacterial diversity index of Aaptos sp. and water in the TNKpS waters (R = 0.310 at P 0.01). Diversity map showed that the areas with highest bacterial diversity were in the north and south of TNKpS waters. This was consistent with the best water quality in these areas, therefore environmental conditions is crucial to maintain its natural resources.