Author/Authors :
Rafiq, Muhammad Asif University of Engineering and Technology - Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan , Rafiq, Muhammad Nadeem NDSU - Electrical Computer Engineering Department, USA , Rafiq, Muhammad Nadeem COMSATS Institute of Information Technology - Department of Electrical Engineering, Pakistan , Ahmed, Furqan University of Engineering and Technology - Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan , Ali, Liaqat University of Engineering and Technology - Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan , Anwar, Muhammad Yousaf University of Engineering and Technology - Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Pakistan
Abstract :
Polycrystalline, lead free (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 and (K0.5Na0.5)0.49Li0.02NbO3 ceramics were synthesized using solid-state reaction method. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of mono-phasic ceramics. During dielectric studies some anomalies were observed around temperatures 155 ºC and 439 ºC for (K0.5Na0.5)0.49Li0.02NbO3. Complex impedance spectroscopy (CIS) technique was used to investigate the bulk (grain interior) and grain boundary contributions to the impedance as a function of temperature and frequency. CIS studies revealed that the electrical relaxation process was temperature dependent and non-Debye type. AC conductivity studies revealed that conductivity was mainly due to the ionized oxygen vacancies in (K0.5Na0.5)0.49Li0.02NbO3 ceramics.
Keywords :
Polycrystalline , lead free , mono , phasic , non , Debye , impedance spectroscopy
