Author/Authors :
dadgostar, shahram university of tehran - college of agriculture and natural resources - department of plant protection, تهران, ايران , nozari, jamasb university of tehran - college of agriculture and natural resources - department of plant protection, تهران, ايران , hosseininaveh, vahid university of tehran - college of agriculture and natural resources - department of plant protection, تهران, ايران
Abstract :
The honeybee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), is one of the most economically important insects because of long providing humans with honey and beeswax. In addition to honey production, honeybees are the principal species used for crop pollination worldwide (Free 1993). The pollination services of honeybees in the United States have been estimated to worth $14.6 billion in 2000 (Morse and Caldrone 2000). The honeybees have been recently used as vectors of beneficial pathogens to control those plant pathogenic pests that are associated with plant flowers (Shafir et al.2006).
