Fermentation méthanique des différents substrats organiques (Methanic fermentation of different organic substrates)

Residues of medicinal plant valorisation by methanic fermentation. The objective is aimed to establish optimum conditions in order to produce biogas from organic wastes, especially medicinal residues and aromatic plant (PAM). The biogas is the result of the anaerobic digestion of organic matters. Indeed, the production of methane from the biomass follows the principle of the fermentation in the digester (bioreactor or méthaniser). The first stage is the hydrolysis or, the water decomposition of the organic matter presents in the form of large molecules, such as cellulose. These polymers are metabolised in monomers by microorganisms, which are used then by bacteria to produce methane. These microbiological and biochemical stages occurred simultaneously or separately following the anaerobic process but at different speeds. In this work, we have undertaken a series of experimentes, to ferment PAM residues and to yield flammable biogas. Results obtained show that:- PAM remained exploitable after the hydro-distillation, and the dry residues remained biodegradable by biomethanisation. - The optimization and the acceleration of the methanisation process necessitate the conditionnement and the adaptation of active microbial culture with each substrate.This work opens new horizons of profit in rural World, proposes a source of renewable energy allowing both, a best organic waste management, and also production of flammable gas and a mud fertilisation for soles. To be able to finish this work, others experiments should be anticipated in perspective and will be devoted to the idea of a operational fermenter in of the rural world conditions