Effect of Allium sativum and Myrtus communis on the elimination of antibiotic resistance and swarming of Proteus mirabilis.

Proteus mirabilis isolated from clinical sources (urine, wound and burn) in Erbil city hospitals. These isolates were characterized culturally, morphologically, and biochemically. The API20E system was used to support their identification. All isolates were tested for their resistance to twelve different antibiotics with the resistance of six isolates to all of the tested antibiotics (antibiotype A6). However, A1 antibiotype isolates were more sensitive and were resistant to seven of the tested antibiotics. Transformation experiment revealed that the resistant genes of (Chl, Dox, Ery, Gm, Kaf, Lin, and Pen) in P7 isolate and the resistant genes of all tested antibiotics from P23 isolate are not chromosomally coded. Sub-MIC of watery extract of A. sativum eliminated 50 and76% Kaf, and Gm resistance genes in P23 isolate, and reduced Ery resistance genes only 16.6% for P7 isolate, while M. communis eliminated Pen 3.3%, and curing of plasmid confirmed by determining the loss of resistance markers in the cured derivative culture. The Sub-MIC of crude extract of A. sativum habited the swarming of P7 at the concentration of 200 and 250 μg/ml when Amp, Am, Ceh, Chl, Lin, and Pan-c were applied to the nutrient agar plates, and M. communis at the concentration of 200 μg/ml inhibited the swarming when Chl and Pan-c antibiotics are applied. Neither A. sativum nor M. communis extracts were inhibited swarming at any concentrations in P32 isolate.