The Nephropreventive and Antioxidant Effects of Navel Orange Peel Hydroethanolic Extract, Naringin and Naringenin in N-Acetyl-Paminophenol-administered Wistar Rats

The purpose of present study was to assess the nephropreventive and antioxidant effects of navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin and naringenin in N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (APAP)-administered male Wistar rats. APAP was administered at dose 0.5 g/kg/b.w. every other day by oral gavage for 4 weeks to male Wistar rats. APAPadministered rats were treated with navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract (50 mg/kg b.w.), naringin (20 mg/kg b.w.) and naringenin (20 mg/kg b.w.) every other day by oral gavage during the same period of APAP administration. The treatment of APAP-administered rats with navel orange peel extract, naringin and naringenin significantly improved the kidney function manifested by a significant decrease in the elevated serum urea, uric acid and creatinine levels. In association, the deteriorated kidney histological changes represented by congestion, hypertrophied glomerulus, vacuolization of the endothelial cells lining the glomerular tuft and interstitial nephritis in APAP-administered rats were remarkably amended. The elevated kidney lipid peroxidation and the lowered glutathione content as well as the suppressed antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly ameliorated. In conclusion, the navel orange peel hydroethanolic extract, naringin and naringenin have improvement effects on kidney function and structural integrity which may be mediated at least in part to via their antioxidant efficiencies.