Comparative Study for Detection of Subclinical Endometritis in Local Cows

The objective of the present study was to determine using the Dramincki estrus detector and to evaluate its efficiency in diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in cows. In addition, the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis with different methods such as assess the efficacy of endometrial cytology to determine the use of percentage of poly morpho-nuclear cells PMNs in cervical mucus, measurement of the PH, White side test and sperm penetration test of the cervical mucus. The study was conducted on 42 cows suffering from regularly repeated estrus located in different regions in Nineveh province from the period of 01/10/2017 to 01/10/2018. All cows were subjected to general clinical examination, cervical and vaginal examination by vaginal speculum, and the Dramincki detector was used to ensure that the cows are in estrum. Samples of cervical mucus were collected from all cows for estimation the percentage of PMNs (12≥18). Whiteside test was utilized to determine changes in cervical mucus color from normal to a light yellowish color. Furthermore, microscopic sperm penetration test was used to determine the ability of sperm to penetrate the cervical mucus by adding a drop of liquid semen close to the mucus sample. Results showed that subclinical endometritis was diagnosed in 16.66% (7/42) of the repeated breeding cows. However, there was no significantly correlation between the age of the cows and both number of estrus, and values of the estrus detector in cows affected with subclinical endometritis. Conversely, there was a significant correlation in the detected subclinical endometritis by endometrial cytology that indicated as an increasing percentage of PMNs up to 12%≥ 18% with the increased age of the affected cows at (5.43± 0.841). Similarly, subclinical endometritis was highly significant associated with the increased PH value of cervical mucus (7.800 ± 0.0577) as compared with unaffected cows (7.271 ± 0.034), change the mucus color to light yellowish, as well as with the mucus penetration ability of sperms, as the majority of sperms died after a short distance of mucus penetration from cows suffered from subclinical endometritis. To some briefly, diagnosis of subclinical endometritis, using pH value, cytological investigation, white side test and sperm penetration test provided a considerable value in field conditions.