Development of A Bond Graph Control Maximum Power Point Tracker For Photovoltaic: Theoretical And Experimental

Maximum power point tracking is important in solar power systems because it reduces the solar array cost by decreasing the number of solar panels needed to obtain the desired output power. Several different Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods have been proposed, but there has been no comprehensive experimental comparison between all the different algorithms and their overall maximum power point (MPP) tracking efficiencies under varying conditions (i.e., illumination, temperature, and load). In this paper, a new maximum power point tracking controller using bond graph approach (BG-MPPT) for a photovoltaic energy conversion system has been developed, consisting of a boost buck DC/DC converter, which is controlled by a bond graph algorithm. The main difference between the method used in the proposed MPPT system and the techniques used in the past is that the PV array output power is used to directly control the DC/DC converter, thus reducing the complexity of the system. The resulting system has high-efficiency, lower-cost, and can be easily modified to handle more energy sources. The experimental results show that the use of the proposed MPPT control increases the PV output power by as much as 15% compared to the case where the DC/DC converter duty cycle is set such that the PV array produces the maximum power at 1 kW/m2 and 25°C.