Design and Performance Assessment of a Parabolic Trough Collector

Parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) represent a proven source of thermal energy for industrial process heat and power generation; unfortunately it is still not highly implemented due to technical and economical barriers. In recent years, environmental issues have focused attention on green energy resources, improving the chance for PTCs to be commercially competitive in the market. The Middle East region is considered an interesting area for implementing solar energy projects since the sun is shining most of the year with high direct irradiance values. In this study, a six meter long parabolic trough collector was designed, constructed and tested to assess its performance. The result of this work proves the efficiency and potential of such green energy sources for both local society and decision-makers. The mechanical analysis of the structure of the trough was simulated both manually and using the finite element software ABAQUS. The experimental test focused on direct steam generation, temperature variation with mass flow rate and thermal efficiency. The maximum steam temperature measured was 123˚C at a pressure of 2 bars, and the maximum efficiency obtained was 22.4%.