A Serological Study on Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattlefrom the Dhofar Governorate of Oman

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease that has a significant impact on the economy and livestockproductivity of affected countries. Based on unpublished reports, serotype O has been incriminated as the sole serotype present in Oman.The present study was conducted in the Dhofar region of the Sultanate of Oman between August 2003 and March 2004 with the objectiveof determining the seroprevalence against FMDV in Dhofari cattle. Sera samples were collected from 395 cattle in 19 different herds. Seraunderwent screening using a Liquid Phase Blocking ELISA to determine the antibody response to the serotypes O, A, C, Asia 1, Sat1, Sat 2,and Sat 3. The overall seroprevalence of FMD was 52.1% (n=206). Of the seropositive animals, 77.7% were positive for type O and 22.3%for type A. There was no significant variation in seroprevalence among different sex and age groups; however, there was a tendency towardsa higher incidence of seropositive in older animals. This study confirmed that FMDV is widespread in the Dhofar region. Furthermore, it isthe first report of serotype A and an animal testing seropositive for O and A in the Sultanate of Oman.