Epidemiological Investigation of Outbreak of Brucellosis at Private Dairy Farm, Central Punjab-Pakistan

Brucellosis is one of the drastic disease of zoonotic significance. The disease is not only endemic to Pakistan but also to other South Asian countries. As a result, economic losses are escalating due to the burden posed by Brucellosis in the investigated area. The present study included herd demographic, management characteristics and risk factors as variables. Total of 66 cattle were identified at Pindi Bhatian dairy farm, Punjab Pakistan. Information on the risk factors was collected by filling the questionnaire from dairy farm workers. The blood sample was collected from 66 female cattles age range of 1.5 to 6 years on average. The serum was analyzed through Rose Bengal Test (RBPT) and i-ELISA. Out of the total, 42 samples positive (63.64%) with the RBPT and 38 (57.58%) samples were positive with the iELISA indicating the sensitivity of this test Crossbreed (22 cases) vs 16 cases in the Friesian breed. Relative Risk (RR) towards Brucella antigen. By comparison, the number of iELISA positive cases were high in for the breed (Crossbreed and exotic breed) was (p=0.1855; CI (95%).The animals with 6 years age (n=20 cases) were found to be high vs. 1.5 years. As for as abortion is concerned, it was found only in the 6 animals during the 3rd trimester irrespective of the age. Based on the findings, the disease is seems to be endemic in the area, perhaps, due to partial or no vaccination. Also, the area presents poor biosecurity measures and management. It is therefore, warranted to adopt good surveillance system for early identification of the brucellosis outbreak and appropriate measure for further control-transmission of the brucellosis.