Title of article :
Bio-Contamination Estimates of Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis in Fresh Cottage Cheese (Paneer) Sold in Rural, Semi-Urban and Peri-Urban Regions of South Uttar Pradesh using Multiple Diagnostic Tests
Author/Authors :
Stephen, Bjorn John Animal Health Division - Central Institute for Research on Goats - Mathura - Uttar Pradesh, India , Singh, Manju Animal Health Division - Central Institute for Research on Goats - Mathura - Uttar Pradesh, India , Singh, Shoor Vir Animal Health Division - Central Institute for Research on Goats - Mathura - Uttar Pradesh, India , Gupta, Saurabh Animal Health Division - Central Institute for Research on Goats - Mathura - Uttar Pradesh, India , Chaubey, Kundan Kumar Animal Health Division - Central Institute for Research on Goats - Mathura - Uttar Pradesh, India , Sahzad Animal Health Division - Central Institute for Research on Goats - Mathura - Uttar Pradesh, India , Jayaraman, Sujata AMITY Institute of Microbial Technology - AMITY University Rajasthan - Jaipur, India , Jain, Mukta AMITY Institute of Microbial Technology - AMITY University Rajasthan - Jaipur, India , Soha, Jagdip Singh AMITY Institute of Microbial Technology - AMITY University Rajasthan - Jaipur, India , Mukartal, Shivalingappa Yamanappa Department of Veterinary Microbiology - Veterinary College - Hebbal - Bengaluru, India , Dhama, Kuldeep Division of Pathology - Indian Veterinary Research Institute - Izatnagar - Uttar Pradesh, India
Abstract :
Paneer (fresh cottage cheese) samples collected from local dairy shops in rural (Farah), peri-urban and urban (Mathura and Agra) regions of South Uttar Pradesh were screened by six tests combinations to estimate the rate
of ‘bio-contamination’ and ‘bio-typing’ of MAP (paraTB bacilli). Of 55 paneer samples screened, 54.5, 32.7, 54.5, 74.5,
50.9 and 63.6% were positive by microscopy, IS900 PCR, indigenous ELISA kit, Dot-ELISA, Latex Agglutination
test and indirect Fluorescent Antibody tests, respectively. Except 2 (3.6%), all the positive samples were detected by
minimum two tests. Of the six test combinations used and compared, microscopy (AFB vs iFAT and IS900 PCR were
best combinations for the detection of MAP in fresh cottage cheese (paneer) samples. High rate of bio-contamination
of paneer sold by the local dairy shops was due to the use of milk supplies contaminated with high bio-load of MAP.
Milk supplies were sourced from domestic livestock belonging to local rural areas, where animal health care facilities
and knowledge on bio-contamination of MAP were non-existent. Therefore, in order to produce clean milk, free of
MAP bacilli it is absolutely essential to control infection in the domestic livestock.
Keywords :
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis , Indigenous plate ELISA , Dot- ELISA , Latex agglutination test , Indirect Fluorescent antibody test
