Anti Inflammation Effects and Acute Toxicity of Jintan Leaves (Plectranthus amboinicus) Extract on Arthritis Induced Rats

Jintan plant (Plectranthus amboinicus) is known as bangun-bangun plant and known as one of medicinal plants for Indonesian people. The purposes of this study were to analyze jintan leaves extract activity and to understand acute toxicity effect on arthritis induced rats. Extract were obtained from fresh jintan leaves by ethanol 96% maceration method, then diluted with CMC-Na. White rats strain wistar aged 2–3 months were divided into 5 groups: Control; treatment arthritis induced (P1), treatment arthritis induced given extract dose of 19 g/kg BW (P2); treatment arthritis induced given extract dose of 38 g/kgBW (P3) and treatment group with allopurinol dose of 2.5 mg/kg BW. Arthritis induced was done by uric acid 2% and oxonic acid 1.5% intraperitoneal for 15 days. After formed a lesion arthritis, jintan extract and allopurinol were given for 7 days. Blood serum sample were collected before and after treatment to measure Monosodium Urea (MSU) concentration. Acute toxicity test using 4 groups of Wistar rats given jintan extract starting dose of 1900 mg/kgBW, 3800 mg/kgBW and 5000 mg/kgBW. The results showed that jintan extract contain relative fraction of flavonoid, saponin, polyphenol, terpen and antraquinon. Activity test of jintan extract showed decrease concentration of MSU (p 0.05) in group P2 and P3, while in group P1, P4, and control no differences (p 0.05) before and after treatment. Acute toxicity test showed no lethal dose 50% and there were no toxic symptoms of neurological disorders and physical activity disturbance in all treatment group, so that jintan leaves extract can be classified as “practically nontoxic” herbal plant.