Efficacy of Different Doses of Cloprostenol in the Treatment of the Persistently Elevated Progesteronemia in Infertile Dromedary Camel

This study was performed using twenty dromedary she-camels, to compare the efficacy of different doses of cloprostenol in treatment of the persistently elevated progesteronemia in non-pregnant dromedary camel. The shecamels having persistently elevated progesteronemia were randomly and equally assigned to two groups during the breeding season. The first group received intramuscular injection of 0.75 mg cloprostenol (PG0.75 group). Second group was received intramuscular injection of 1.25 mg cloprostenol (PG1.25 group). Trans-rectal ultrasound examination and sexual receptivity assessment were performed for all on the day of the admission every 10 days (days 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40). Additionally, blood samples were collected on the day of the admission and every 10 days (days 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40) for measuring the progesterone level. Uterine swabs were collected from all camels for bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity testing. The results revealed that all camels (100%) showed abstinence (erection and curving of her tail, raising head and refusing the male) at day 0 and day 10 with present of luteinized structure in ovaries (2.45±0.15 cm) and high serum progesterone levels (2.45±0.30 and 2.67±0.28 ng/mL) in PG0.75 and PG1.25 groups. The most isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli (70%) followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus (25%). While, Pasteurella pneumotropica and Brevundimonas diminuta was isolated only one time (5% for each one). Clostridium perfringens was isolated only two times (10%). Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were sensitive to gentamycin (100%). Pasteurella pneumotropica, Brevundimonas diminuta and Clostridium perfringens were sensitive to Ampicillin (100%). No camel was responded to first dose of cloprostenol treatment in both groups. Seventy percentages of camels in PG1.25 group were responded after second dose. While, 80% of camels in PG0.75 group were responded after third dose which significantly (p-value is 0.00729) higher than in PG1.25 group (20%). Some camels were not responded to three doses of cloprostenol treatment in PG0.75 group and PG1.25 group (20 and 10 %, respectively). The pregnancy rate was higher (p= 0.068) in PG1.25 group than PG0.75 group (60 and 20 %, respectively). In conclusion, one dose of intramuscular injection of 0.75 mg or 1.25 mg cloprostenol was inefficient for inducing lysis of luteinized structure and treating the persistently elevated progesteronemia. She-camels needed at least three doses of 0.75 mg cloprostenol or two doses of 1.25 mg cloprostenol to be recovered. The most isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli followed by Staphylococcus haemolyticus and both were highly sensitive to gentamycin. Further studies are needs to evaluate higher doses of cloprostenol for treatment of the persistently elevated progesteronemia.