Epidemiologic Characteristics and Management of Subjects Who Were Diagnosed with Trophoblastic Disease

Objective: To evaluate retrospectively the patients diagnosed and treated with gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) in our clinic. Material and Methods: Sixty-nine women diagnosed with GTD between January 1996 to December 2010 were included into the study. Age, gravida, parity, abortus, curettages, job and education, consanguinous marriage, gestational age, blood groups, menarche age, type of GTD, hyperthyroidism, serum β-HCG levels before and after a week following the treatment were recorded. Results: Eleven thousand five hundred twenty-two deliveries occured and 69 cases were diagnosed with GTD. One patient, diagnosed with invasive mole, was excluded from the study because she did not follow the recommended chemotheraphy. Out of 68 patients; 37 (54.43%) patients were incomplete mole, 29 (42.63%) were complete mole, (1.47%) were invasive mole and 1 (1.47%) patient was choriocarcinoma. The treatment of 65 (95.6%) patients were curettage under general anesthesia, 2 (2.9%) were hysterectomy and 1 (1.5%) was chemotheraphy. Patients were followed with β-HCG and a minimum of six months contraception was recommended. Conclusion: The incidence of GTD was 5.9 per 1000 deliveries. Our patients had poor educational status, high parity and gravida. These factors seem to be etiologic reasons. Educating the patients and lowering the high birth rate can decrease the incidence of GTD. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasies are a group with high chemosensitivity. Early diagnosis and treatment may enable high remission rates even in malignant forms. It was concluded that this could be achieved by generalizing public health services and antenatal follow-ups especially in developing communities.