Title of article :
Turbidity Removal of Kaolin Wastewater Using Polyacrylamide-Grafted Egg White
Author/Authors :
Azuan, Nor Fateha Soil Assessment and Remediation Research Group - Faculty of Applied Sciences - Universiti Teknologi MARA - 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia , Pandian Sambasevam, Kavirajaa School of Chemistry and Environment - Faculty of Applied Sciences - Universiti Teknologi MARA - Negeri Sembilan Branch - Kuala Pilah Campus - 72000 Kuala Pilah - Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia , Ain Jamion, Nurul Research Centre for Sustainability Science & Governance (SGK) - Institutefor Environment and Development (LESTARI) - Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia - 43600 UKM Bangi - Selangor, Malaysia , Yong, Soon Kong Soil Assessment and Remediation Research Group - Faculty of Applied Sciences - Universiti Teknologi MARA - 40450 Shah Alam, Malaysia
Abstract :
Polyacrylamide-grafted egg white (Egg-g-PAM) has been successfully synthesized by microwave-assisted graft copolymerization technique using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator. The grafting process was optimized at various acrylamide weight, CAN weight, and microwave irradiation time. The grafting of polyacrylamide (PAM) chains on the egg white backbone was confirmed through percentage of grafting efficiency (%GE) and percentage water absorption (%WA). Egg white (control) and optimized Egg-g-PAM were further characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) analysis, and point of zero charge (pHzpc). The turbidity removal for alum, egg white, acrylamide, and Egg-g-PAM was determined on 0.25 g/L kaolin suspension at pH 7 and 2 g/dL dosage. The % turbidity removal of Egg-g-PAM (95.55%) was greater than that of alum (94.58%) acrylamide (25.52%), and egg white (19.89%).
Keywords :
Albumin , graft copolymer , microwave-assisted technique , engineered flocculant , coagulant
Journal title :
Malaysian Journal of Chemistry
