Optimization and Modeling of Complete Removal of N-Compounds from Oil Cut Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) by CuAlO2/ZSM-12&35 as a New Photocatalyst

In this study, immobilized CuAlO2 onto the ZSM-12&35 composite was prepared and used as a photocatalyst to remove N-containing oil pollutants (Carbazole) through advanced oxidation. In this method, acetone is used as a reaction solvent that can be partially converted to fuel oxygenates compounds (Octane enhancers) through an aldol condensation reaction. Photocatalyst characterization was performed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Mapping, and BET/BJH (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller & Barrett-Joyner-Halenda) techniques. The effect of operating parameters (contaminant concentration, catalyst dosage, and pH of the solution) on the efficiency of carbazole removal (model oil) was investigated through the RSM methodology. The removal products are identified by Gas Chromatography (GC-MAS) technique. The results indicated complete elimination of carbazole under mild conditions as well as the in-situ formation of typical fuel oxygenates compounds through aldol condensation among solvent molecules. Accordingly, this new protocol can be utilized to refine fuel products accompanied by enhancing their octane numbers.