ALK-Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma DramaticallyResponded to Alectinib

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is usually observed in patients with adenocarcinoma. Herein, we report a caseof squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with ALK rearrangement treated with alectinib. )e patient was a 73-year-old woman withouta smoking history. She consulted us with nonproductive cough and loss of appetite. Computed tomography scan revealed a massin the left lower lobe of the lung. According to the pathological examinations, we diagnosed the tumor as SCC. Because the patienthad never smoked, we searched for driver mutations and found that the tumor harbored ALK rearrangement. We began treatmentwith alectinib, and the tumor remarkably reduced in volume. No severe adverse events were observed. Although there are only fewreports of SCC with ALK rearrangement, this case implies that clinicians should consider searching for driver mutations inpatients with SCC when there are atypical findings or characteristics.