Breast Implant–Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma:A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Breast implant–associated anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma has recently been recognized as an entity, with few reports describingthe two common subtypes: in situ (indolent) and in2ltrative. Recently, the in2ltrative subtypes have been shown to be moreaggressive requiring adjuvant chemotherapy. We report a rare case of breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma(BIA-ALCL) in a 65-year-old Caucasian female following silicone breast implantation and multiple capsulectomies. We discussthe rare presentation of this disease, histopathologic features of the indolent and in2ltrative subtypes of ALCL, and their clinicalsigni2cance. We also review the literature for up-to-date information on the diagnosis and clinical management. Treatmentmodalities including targeted therapy are also discussed. Although BIA-ALCL is rare, it should always be considered as part of thedifferential diagnosis especially in women with breast implants. Given the increasing rate of breast reconstruction and cosmeticsurgeries, we anticipate a continuous rise in incidence rates of this rare disease; thus, caution must be taken to avoid misdiagnosis.