The Effect of a Textured Insole on Symmetry of Turning

Turning while walking is a common daily activity. Individuals with unilateral impairment frequently perform turns asymmetrically. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of a discomfort-inducing textured insole on symmetry of turning. Nine healthy individuals performed turns to the right while walking with no insole, immediately after the insole was inserted in the right shoe, and after walking for six minutes with the insole. The duration of turning, displacements of pelvic markers, and perceived level of discomfort were evaluated. Utilizing the insole was associated with the increased level of perceived discomfort (𝑝<0.05). Moreover, using the insole was linked to changes in the displacement of two pelvic markers and larger asymmetry index while turning imme- diately after the insole was inserted in the right shoe as compared to no insole condition (𝑝<0.05). The duration of right turning increased immediately after the insole was inserted (𝑝<0.05) and after walking with the insole for six minutes. The results indicate that the textured insole creates asymmetry of turning in healthy individuals. The outcome provides a background for future studies focused on using a textured insole to minimize the asymmetry of turning commonly seen in individuals with unilateral impairment