Proper diagnosis of antithrombin III deficiency

We read the article written by Hayıroğlu et al. (1) entitled "Antithrombin III deficiency concomitant with atrial fibrillation causes thrombi in all chambers: 2-D and 3-D echocardiographic evaluation."published Anatol J Cardiol 2016; 7456: 21-2. in which they reported the case of a 62-year-old man who had antithrombin III (AT) deficiency concomitant with atrial fibrillation that caused thrombi in all chambers of the heart. The authors claimed that thrombosis in all chambers of the heart in a patient with atrial fibrillation was associated with AT deficiency. In diagnosis of AT deficiency, it should be considered that the disease is very rare. The estimated prevalence in the general population is thought to be in the range of 0.02% to 0.2% (2).