Author/Authors :
Omari, Hajar El Natural Resources Management and Development Team - Laboratory of Health and Environment - Faculty of Sciences - Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco , Chahlaoui, Abdelkader Natural Resources Management and Development Team - Laboratory of Health and Environment - Faculty of Sciences - Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco , Talbi, 1 Fatima Zahra Laboratory of Biochemistry - Neurosciences - Natural Resources and the Environment - Faculty of Sciences and Technologies - Hassan First University, Morocco , Mouhdi, 2 Karima EL Geo-biodiversity and Natural Heritage Laboratory - GEOPAC Center - Scientific Institute-Rabat - University Mohamed V Morocco, Rabat, Morocco , Ouali Lalami, Abdelhakim El Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Fez - Regional Health Directorate - EL Ghassani Hospital, Morocco
Abstract :
The impact of climate factors on the epidemiology of diseases in general and leishmaniasis in particular continues to be a subject of research and analysis. Changes in climatic parameters contribute to the creation of ecological conditions favorable to the multiplication of the vectors of certain diseases. With this in mind, this study presents an entomological survey conducted in Meknes prefecture and the study of the link between the abundance of sandflies, an indicator of the risk of leishmaniasis in a given area, and the climatic factors. Monthly trapping of this fauna was carried out during a year from March 2016 until April 2017 using adhesive traps. Climatic data from the region were used to determine the effect of climate on the distribution of sandflies. A total of 941 leishmaniasis vector specimens were captured. The dominant species is Ph. sergenti (73.32), followed by Ph. longicuspis (8.25%), then Ph. perniciosus (7.94%) and Ph. papatasi (6.31%). The sex ratio study showed that males are more abundant than females for all species. The seasonal fluctuation is bimodal with two peaks, the first in July and the second in September. The results show a positive correlation between temperature and abundance of sandflies (r = 0.99) and a negative correlation with humidity and precipitation with a correlation coefficient of r = −0.87 and r = −0.72. Indeed, the medium-term climatological forecasts are essential tools to develop a warning system for leishmaniasis.
