Author/Authors :
daneshzad, elnaz tehran university of medical sciences - school of nutritional science and dietetics - department of community nutrition, Tehran, Iran , emami, shaghayegh york university - faculty of science - department of biology, Toronto, Canada , emami, shaghayegh isfahan university of medical sciences - school of nutrition and food science - department of community nutrition, Isfahan, Iran , darooghegi mofrad, manijeh tehran university of medical sciences - school of nutritional science and dietetics - department of community nutrition, Tehran, Iran , saraf-bank, sahar isfahan university of medical sciences - school of nutrition and food science - department of community nutrition, Isfahan, Iran , surkan, pamela j. johns hopkins university - bloomberg school of public health - department of international health, Baltimore, USA , azadbakht, leila tehran university of medical sciences - diabetes research center, endocrinology and metabolism clinical sciences institute, Tehran, iran , azadbakht, leila isfahan university of medical sciences - school of nutrition and food science - department of community nutrition, Isfahan, Iran , azadbakht, leila tehran university of medical sciences - school of nutritional science and dietetics - department of community nutrition, Tehran, Iran
Abstract :
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality. Healthy diets can decrease CVDs and other chronic diseases especially in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigate association between adherence to the modified Nordic diet and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 339 type 2 diabetic patients. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and biochemical tests were evaluated. A validated and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intake. Nordic diet scores were calculated based on median intakes of six food groups. Results: Body mass index (BMI) was higher among participants who were in the lowest tertile of adherence to the Nordic diet (P = 0.006). There was a significant association between socioeconomic status (SES) and adherence to the Nordic diet (P 0.0001). Participants who were in the top category of adherence to the diet had significantly lower levels of a spartate aminotransferase (AST) (P 0.0001). There was a significant inverse association between adherence to the Nordic diet and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels (odds ratio [OR] = 0.29 95% CI: 0.09, 0.91, P = 0.025), high systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels (OR = 0.35 95% CI = 0.17-0.74, P = 0.015), and risk of obesity (OR = 0.25 95% CI: 0.10, 0.63, P = 0.03). Conclusion: Results suggest that adherence to the Nordic diet is associated with reductions in the prevalence of obesity, LDL levels and blood pressure among type 2 diabetic patients. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Keywords :
Nordic Diet , Dietary Pattern , Cardiovascular Risk Factors , Type 2 Diabetes , Diabetic Patient
