Concomitant Coronary Artery Aneurysm and Myocarditis as a Rare Manifestation of Kawasaki Disease: A Case Report

Introduction: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis, of unknown etiology, that mainly affects infants and young children. Although originally thought to be a benign illness, KD may prove fatal, especially if the diagnosis is delayed due to a nonclassic presentation. Case presentation: Here, we present the case of a 4-year-old girl with a history of prolonged fever. Her physical examination and echocardiography revealed aneurysmal dilatation of the coronary arteries and myocarditis in the absence of other principal features of KD. This patient was diagnosed as having KD and responded very quickly to a high dose of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy. Discussion: This case study highlights congestive myocarditis as an atypical presentation of KD and the need to maintain a high level of awareness of this problem, in order to diagnose and treat this potentially life-threatening condition promptly.