Application of response surface methodology (RSM) in condition optimization for essential oil production from Citrus latifolia

This research shows the dependence of distillation time and ratio of water/peel on amount of essential oil after distilling. Researching and optimizing the factors for essential oil production by laboratory – scale distillation and the yield was evaluated using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Face- Centered (CCF) model. The regression equation obtained was shown below: y = 0.997 - 0.015x 1+ 0.04x 2- 0.107x^2 1 - 0.042x^2 2. There is the contrast between distillation time and ratio of water/peel with volume of essential oil received. Optimal result is volume of essential oil was 1 ml (y) with quantity of lemon peel/batch of 50g, ratio of water/peel (x1) was 6/1, distillation time (x2) in 20 minutes at temperature at 100°C. The essential oil from the peel of C. latifolia was analysed by GC-MS method. A lot of compounds were identified of which limonene, β– pinene and γ–terpinenen were major components. Small amounts of trans-caryophyllene, 4-terpineol, α- terpinenen…were also detected.