Clinical features and short-term outcomes COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran: An analysis of mortality and hospital stay

The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 disease originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. There have been few reports on the clinical course of the disease, but detailed information on the risk factors for increased hospital stay and mortality is not available. In this study we aimed to present the details of 53 confirmed COVID-19 cases to share the clinical course and the risk factors for longer hospital stay and death. Methods In this study, we enrolled fifty-three patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection from a referral academic hospital in Tehran, Iran admitted between March and April 2020. Patients’ demographics, laboratory tests, treatments, length of hospital stay (LOHS), and final outcome were recorded and analyzed. Results Fifty-three patients were included in this study. The higher LOHS was associated with clinical symptoms, including hemoptysis (IRR= 0.73, P-value= 0.02), diarrhea (IRR= 0.78, P-value= 0.01), headache (IRR= 0.81, P-value= 0.05), and dry cough (IRR= 0.82, P-value= 0.05). Mortality was associated with older age (Odds ratio=1.148, 95%CI=1.032-1.276), lower calcium level (Odds ratio=0.087, 95%CI=0.010-0.788), lower serum albumin (Odds ratio=0.036, 95%CI=0.002-0.655), as well as increased level of neutrophil/lym-phocyte ratio (NLR) (Odds ratio=1.468, 95%CI=1.086-1.985), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (Odds ra-tio=1.004, 95%CI=1.000-1.007), and urea (Odds ratio=1.023, 95%CI=1.006-1.039). Conclusion Our study identified that decreased levels of O2 saturation, platelet count, calcium, albumin, and increased NLR, LDH, urea and old age were correlated with mortality. Also, LOHS was significantly associated with clinical find-ings, such as hemoptysis and diarrhea. (www.actabiomedica.it)